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Caching |
The storage or hoarding of food for later eating during times of limited food availability. |
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Caespitose |
(of fruiting bodies) joined or crowded together in tufts, partly fused at the stem bases |
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Calamus |
The hollow, proximal portion of the feather shaft that attaches the feather to the skin. |
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Calcareous |
Refers to limestone rock or chalky soil with high calcium contents. |
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Call Matching |
A vocalization in birds characterized by the male and female of a pair duplicating the other's flight call. Call matching is often a behaviour exhibited by members of the finch family. |
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Calyx |
The cup or collection of sepals of a flower. |
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Campanulate |
Bell-shaped |
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Cap |
The cap is the top of a bird's crown (the top of the head) |
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Capillitium |
Mass of sterile thread-like fibres among the spores of gasteromycetes, which may aid spore dispersal |
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Capitate |
(of cystidia) having a round knob-like head |
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Capsule |
A dry seed pod. |
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Carapace |
Hardened shell. |
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Carpel |
Female seed producing part in a flower consisting of an ovary connected by a style to a stigma. |
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Cartilaginous |
Firm & tough, but flexible (as opposed to granular) |
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Caruncle |
A bright-coloured area of skin (featherless) on the face or neck of a bird (most prominent in turkeys and relatives). |
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Caterpillar |
The larval stage of a butterfly or moth. |
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Caterpillar |
The larva of the butterfly and moths, having legs and prolegs for crawling. |
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Cauda |
The pointed end of an Aphid's abdomen. |
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Caudal |
Concerning the tail-end. |
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Centrifugal Tail Molt |
The shedding and replacement of a bird's tail feathers that begins with the innermost pair of feathers being replaced first and then proceeding from the centre outward. Only one pair of feathers... |
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Cere |
Fleshy area between the beak and face. |
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chasmothesium |
ascocarp of powdery mildew fungi having no natural opening at maturity, but opens by the rupturing of its wall. |
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Cheilocystidia |
Cystidia on the gill edge |
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Chelicera |
Chelicera is the name of either fang-like part on a spider, that is used for piercing or holding. |
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Chin |
Small area under lower jaw. |
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Chlamydospore |
Thick walled, non-deciduous, asexual spore |
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Chlorophyll |
Green pigment that is essential in photosynthesis. |
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Chrysalis |
A mummy-like stage in the butterfly's development between larva and adult in which the structure of the insect is reorganised. |
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Cilia |
Small hair-like structures. |
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Ciliate |
Fringed with hairs |
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circinate |
Coiled into a complete or partial ring |
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Circumcinct |
(stipe) banded with remnants of the veil. |
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Cladode |
A modified stem that resembles a leaf. |
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Clamp connection |
A hyphal outgrowth that connects two adjoining cells, resulting from a cell division bypassing the dividing cell wall |
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Clappering |
In birds (especially storks), a non-vocal form of communication expressed by the slapping together of the upper and lower parts of the bill together. |
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Clappering |
In birds such as storks, a non-vocal form of communication expressed by the slapping together of the upper and lower parts of the bill together. |
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Clasping |
Describing leaves with backwards pointing lobes clasping the stem. |
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clathrate |
latticed, net like |
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Clavate |
Club-shaped |
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Claw |
Toenail; structure at the tip of the toe, containing a blood vessel. |
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Cleistogamous |
Self pollinating flowers that have petals and sepals that never open. |
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Cleistothecium |
A completely closed fruiting body formed by some fungi of the Ascomycota, containing asci |
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Cloaca |
The single opening in birds used for both excrement and reproduction. |
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Clone |
Identical genetic match to a "parent". |
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Clutch |
The total number of eggs laid in one nest. |
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Clypeus |
The lowest part of the insect face, just above the labrum. |
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Cocoon |
A silk web enclosing the pupa. |
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Collar |
Ring like stem structure around the apex of stem, at the attachment of the gills |
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Collar |
A hard transverse plate on the top of the larva, just behind the head. |
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Columella (pl. Columellae) |
A curved cross-wall extending from the tip of a sporangiophore into the sporangium. |
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Commissure |
The base of the bill where the mandibles join. |
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Compound eye |
Consisting of many tiny, simple eyes (ommatidia) that are crowded together but optically separate. |
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Concave |
Downwardly curved, (opposite to convex) |
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Concolorous |
Having the same colour |
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conidia |
asexual spores which when mature are liberated from a conidiophore. |
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conidiogenesis |
the formation of asexual spores (conidia) |
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conidiogenous |
producing and bearing conidia |
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conidioma (pl. conidiomata) |
specialized conidia-bearing structure, e.g. acervulus, pycnidium, sporodochium |
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Conidiophore |
a hypha giving rise to conidia |
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Conspecific |
Of the same species. |
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Contour Feathers |
The outer layer of feathers that cover a bird's body, wings, and tail and give the bird its characteristic appearance. Contour feathers differ from other body feathers (such as down and... |
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Convex |
Domed, upwardly curved, (opposite to concave) |
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coprophilous |
living on dung. |
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Coralloid |
Much-branched, coral like |
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Cordite |
Heart-shaped. |
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Coremium (pl. Coremia) |
Structure of aggregated hyphae bearing conidia at their tips |
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Corolla |
The inner whorl of the flower composed of the petals. |
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Corona |
Petal-like flaps that form a crown-like tube e.g. as in daffodil. |
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Corona |
Crown; top of the bird's head. |
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Cortina |
Web-like covering between the stem and cap edge, enclosing the gills |
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Cortinal zone |
Faint remnant of cortina on stem |
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Cortinate |
Having a cortina |
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Costal Fold |
A flap containing scent scales on the leading edge of the forewing in most males and some females. |
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Costate |
(of the surface) having a rough rib-like texture |
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Countershading |
Countershading is a common colour pattern in birds in which the dorsal side (upper side) of the bird is darker than the ventral (lower) side. Such a colour pattern provides camouflage for the birds... |
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Countershading |
Countershading is a common colour pattern in birds in which the dorsal side (upper side) of the bird is darker than the ventral (lower) side. Such a colour pattern provides camouflage for the birds... |
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Coxa |
The first segment of the leg, attached to the thorax. |
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Creche |
A group (flock) of unrelated young birds gathered together for protection. A creche is often guarded by a single parent bird while other adult birds are then free to feed or rest. Common in... |
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Cremaster |
The posterior tip of the pupa, usually having crochets that hook into a silk pad, spun by the larva. |
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Crenate |
Structures that have tiny scalloped or round-toothed margins. |
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crenate |
having the edge indented with rounded teeth. |
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Crescentric |
Crescent like |
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Crest |
A tuft on the head. |
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Crissum |
Feathers covering the underside of the base of the tail. |
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Crochets |
Tiny hooks on the bottoms of the prolegs of the larva and on the cremasters of pupae of many species that provide security against a fall. |
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Crop |
A sac inside the bird, where the neck meets the body, used to hold food before digestion. |
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Cross |
A hybrid |
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Cross-Pollination |
The pollination of one flower by pollen from another, usually a different plant. |
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Crucifer |
A member of the Cabbage family. |
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Culmen |
Upper ridge on the bill. |
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Culmen |
The culmen is the upper ridge on a bird's bill. |
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cuneiform |
wedge shaped. |
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cupulate |
cup shaped. |
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Cuticle |
The surface tissue / surface layers of hyphae in cap or stem |
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Cyme |
A cluster of flowers that has lateral branches, each ending in a flower. |
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Cystidiole |
A sterile cell protruding beyond the spore-bearing surface |
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Cystidium (pl. Cystidia) |
Sterile cell of variable shape, between the basidia in the spore-bearing surface, or other parts of the fruit body |
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