Three Unidentified Lichens in Wales

[welshrich]

Can anyone identify any of these lichens? I took the pictures on a farm in the Swansea Valley, South Wales.

The first lichen was growing on some sandstone:

[poschiavanus]

These are quick answers off the top of my head, so dont take 'em as chapter and verse. As I used to put on my invoices: E&OE (Errors & Omissions Excepted).

1. Rhizocarpon petreaum (formerly R. concentricum). There are one or two confusion species.

2. A mix of Flavoparmelia caperata (top) and Parmelia sulcata (bottom, greyer).

3. Evernia pruniastri. It should have the two surfaces different colours, one obviously lighter than the other.

HTH,

posch